Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB): what you need to know
GHB is unusual: it can be a prescribed medicine and also a dangerous illicit drug. As sodium oxybate it treats narcolepsy. As street GHB it’s used recreationally and has caused overdoses. If this tag brought you here, you want reliable facts — not myths.
What is GHB? It’s a naturally occurring substance in the brain and a chemical that affects the central nervous system. Medical forms are tightly regulated and prescribed at precise doses. Recreational use often involves unknown concentrations and mixes with alcohol, which raises the risk dramatically.
Medical use and dosing
In medicine GHB appears as sodium oxybate and helps reduce daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in narcolepsy. Doctors prescribe exact doses taken at night in split doses. Only specialist doctors and pharmacy services supply it in most countries. Do not try to substitute or self-dose with non-prescription sources.
Risks, side effects and overdoses
Side effects include dizziness, nausea, confusion, and breathing problems. At higher doses GHB causes severe sedation, loss of consciousness, and respiratory arrest. Mixing GHB with alcohol or opioids greatly increases overdose risk. If someone becomes hard to wake, breathes slowly, or turns pale, call emergency services immediately.
GHB can also cause dependence and withdrawal. Withdrawal symptoms range from anxiety and tremors to severe agitation and seizures. Medical supervision is necessary if stopping after regular use.
Legal status varies by country. Many places classify non-medical GHB as illegal. Possession, sale, or distribution without prescription leads to criminal penalties. Medical sodium oxybate remains legal when prescribed under strict programs in some regions. Check your local laws before handling or discussing sources.
How to talk to a doctor: be honest about use, prescription needs, and sleep symptoms. If you have narcolepsy symptoms like sudden sleep attacks or cataplexy, describe them clearly. Ask about safer treatment options, risks of sodium oxybate, and monitoring plans.
If you’re concerned about someone using GHB recreationally, watch for warning signs: sudden drowsiness after a drink, slurred speech, vomiting, or memory gaps. Keep them awake, sit them up, and seek emergency help if they’re hard to rouse. Do not try to make them vomit if they’re unconscious.
Alternatives and support: for sleep disorders, ask about other medications, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, or lifestyle measures like sleep scheduling. For substance concerns, contact local addiction services or a healthcare provider for confidential help.
Want more in-depth articles on medications, safety tips, and legal issues? Browse the tag list to find reviews, dosing guides, and real-world advice from medical sources. Stick with regulated care, avoid unknown sources, and ask questions when in doubt.
Remember: online forums and street sources often give wrong or dangerous advice. For reliable info use official drug guides, peer-reviewed articles, or talk with a pharmacist. If sodium oxybate is prescribed expect regular follow-ups and storage rules. If you or someone you know struggles with substance use, local health services can offer counseling, detox programs and support. Honest talk with clinicians, early help, and practical safety steps reduce harm and improve long-term outcomes for people affected by GHB and every step matters now.
